Introduce the standard of car charging gun specification

Introduce the standard of car charging gun specification.
Put a very intuitive picture first.

Picture from the network

First of all, charging guns are divided into DC guns and AC guns. DC guns are high-current, high-power charging guns, which are generally equipped with fast charging stations for new energy vehicles. Households are generally AC charging piles, or portable charging guns.
1. AC charger
There are mainly three types, type1, type2, GB/T, which can also be called American standard, European standard and Chinese standard. Of course, Tesla has its own standard charging interface, but under pressure, Tesla also began to change its own standard according to market conditions to make its cars more suitable for the market, just like domestic Tesla must be equipped with national standard charging mouth.

①Type1: SAE J1772 interface, also known as J-plug
Basically, the United States and countries with closer relations with the United States use Type 1 American standard charging cables, including portable charging cables carried by AC charging piles along with the car. Therefore, in order to adapt to this standard charging interface, Tesla also had to provide a charging gun adapter so that Tesla cars can use public charging piles with Type 1 charging ports.
Type1 provides mainly two charging voltages of 120V (Level1) and 240V (Level2).

American standard AC charging port

②Type2: IEC 62196 interface
Type2 is the new energy vehicle interface standard in Europe, and the rated voltage is generally 230V. Looking at the pictures, it may look a bit like the Chinese standard, but it is actually easy to distinguish. The European standard is similar to Yang engraving, and the black part is hollowed out, which is the opposite of the Chinese standard.

European standard AC charging port

③GB/T: GB/T20234 Chinese standard interface
From January 1, 2016, China has stipulated that as long as the charging ports of all brands of new energy vehicles produced in China must meet the national standard GB/T20234, so new energy vehicles produced in China after 2016 do not need to consider the charging ports. The problem of not meeting the Chinese standard, because the standard has been unified.
The rated voltage of the national standard AC charger is generally 220V household voltage.

Chinese standard AC charging port

2. DC charging gun
DC charging guns generally correspond to AC charging guns, and each region has its own standards, except for Japan. The DC charging port in Japan is CHAdeMO. Of course, not all Japanese cars use this DC charging port, and only some Mitsubishi and Nissan new energy models use the following CHAdeMO DC charging port.

Japan DC charging port

Others are American Standard Type1 corresponding to CCS1:

mainly to add a pair of high-current charging holes at the bottom.

American standard DC charging port

European standard Type2 corresponds to CCS2:

European standard DC charging port

Naturally, there is also China's DC charging standard:

Chinese standard DC charging port

The rated voltage of DC charging piles is generally above 400V, and the current reaches hundreds of amperes, so generally speaking, they are not for household use, and only fast charging stations such as shopping malls and gas stations may be used.